Quiz 🩺 Medicine

Altius MCAT Quiz

Quiz generated from Altius MCAT

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Question 1

Which organelle is the site of rRNA transcription and ribosome assembly?

The nucleolus
The rough endoplasmic reticulum
The Golgi apparatus
The mitochondria

Question 2

Which proteins are synthesized by the ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Proteins destined for the cytosol
Proteins destined for the ER, Golgi, lysosomes, endosomes, plasma membrane, or secretion outside the cell
Only proteins destined for the mitochondria
Only proteins that remain permanently inside the nucleus

Question 3

Where are proteins destined for the cytosol made?

On ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
In the Golgi apparatus
In the cytosol by free-floating ribosomes
In the nucleolus

Question 4

Where does post-translational modification begin?

In the RER
In the Golgi apparatus
In the mitochondria
In the nucleolus

Question 5

After starting in the RER, where do disulfide bonding and glycosylation continue?

In the mitochondria
In the Golgi apparatus
In the nucleolus
In the cytosol

Question 6

Which of the following is a principal function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

rRNA transcription
Ribosome assembly
Lipid synthesis and modification
Sorting proteins as the cell's "post office"

Question 7

After lipids are synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, where are they metabolized?

In the mitochondria
In the Golgi apparatus
In the nucleus
In the lysosomes

Question 8

What is notable about the membrane that surrounds the nucleus?

It is a single lipid monolayer
It is a dual bilayer membrane, and one of the two bilayers is continuous with the ER
It is a protein-only coat with no lipid bilayer
It is continuous with the plasma membrane

Question 9

DNA is found only in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.

True
False

Question 10

Proteins destined for the plasma membrane are synthesized on ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

True
False

Question 11

The Golgi apparatus is often described as the cell's "post office" for proteins.

True
False

Question 12

Post-translational modifications that begin in the RER include disulfide bonding and ______.

Fill in the blank

Question 13

Vesicles destined for the plasma membrane originate from which organelle?

The Golgi apparatus
The rough endoplasmic reticulum
The nucleus
The lysosome

Question 14

Where do the proteins carried in vesicles leaving the Golgi apparatus originate?

The rough endoplasmic reticulum
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum
The nucleus
The mitochondria

Question 15

Which structure is NOT a destination for vesicles leaving the Golgi apparatus?

The nucleus
The plasma membrane
The endoplasmic reticulum
Other organelles

Question 16

How does mitochondrial DNA compare with the nuclear DNA of the same individual?

It is different from the individual's nuclear DNA
It is an exact copy of the individual's nuclear DNA
It is only present in the nucleus
It is a fragment of the individual's nuclear DNA

Question 17

The genetic code used by mitochondria is identical to the code used by ribosomes translating nuclear DNA.

True
False

Question 18

Mitochondria are inherited from which parent?

The mother
The father
Both parents equally
Neither parent; they are synthesized anew

Question 19

Mitochondria are inherited from both parents in equal amounts.

True
False

Question 20

The genetic code is uniform throughout a single organism.

True
False

Question 21

Which theory is the major explanation for the origin of mitochondria?

The endosymbiotic theory
The cell theory
The germ theory
The theory of spontaneous generation

Question 22

According to the endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria evolved from which type of organism?

Aerobic prokaryotes
Anaerobic prokaryotes
Eukaryotic cells
Viruses

Question 23

According to the endosymbiotic theory, the aerobic prokaryotes that became mitochondria were engulfed by what?

Eukaryotic cells
Other aerobic prokaryotes
Anaerobic prokaryotes
Bacterial viruses

Question 24

The theory that explains the origin of mitochondria from engulfed aerobic prokaryotes is the ______ theory.

Fill in the blank

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